This course discusses the environmental factors affecting tree growth and physiology and their controlling mechanisms. This course will cover the relationships of radiation, carbon dioxide, temperature, water, soil properties, fire, wind, pollution, and forestry practices with forest and tree growth and physiology. The discussions will emphasize on the interaction of environmental and genetic factors on tree growth, the differences of trees in their response to environmental factors, and the effects and advantages/disadvantages of various forestry practices. In addition to the content of the textbooks, the examples and research results of Taiwan will be given for comparisons and discussions at appropriate occasions. Those who would like to pursue interests in plant physiology, ecology, silviculture, soil science, horticulture and landscape design will learn something useful from this course.